7.62 x39 vs 308 - No, the 7.62 x39 generally has a bullet diameter of 7.92mm (.311 inches), while .308 Winchester has a bullet diameter of 7.82mm (.308 inches). 3. Which cartridge is more commonly found, 7.62 x39 or .308 Winchester? 7.62 x39 ammunition is commonly found in firearms like the AK-47, while .308 Winchester is more commonly used in …

 
But if you own a 7.62 NATO rifle, it is much better if you just stick with the 7.62 NATO rounds. There’s no reason to compromise safety by using the .308 Winchester rounds. Summary: You can shoot 7.62 NATO cartridges in a .308 Winchester rifle but not the other way around. 7.62 NATO rifles may have too much headspace for .308 Winchester rounds.. Electric blue acara

you do realize that these are the same caliber cartridges and very similar? It's actually NOT ANYTHING like a 223 vs 308 comparison. ???Second, once the bullets were resized to 0.3080, using a Lee .308 bullet sizing die, they chambered fine until filled with 10.9 gr and up of A1680. The bullets are 1.575 long! Seekins SP8 1:7 Omega canThe 7.62×39 has a much lower ballistic coefficient than the .308. Thus the 7.62×39 cartridge shows a much more pronounced bullet drop over its trajectory. At 250 yards, the 7.62×39 bullet has dropped a little over 15 inches. By the time the bullet has reached 350 yards, the bullet has dropped more than 42 inches.Jun 24, 2021 · Case and Chamber Dimensions. The 7.62 NATO round (right) has thicker case walls than the .308 Win round (left), though it’s not visible to the human eye. 7.62 NATO cases have thicker case walls as well, but the external dimensions of the rounds is the same. The other major difference is in chamber dimensions. Mar 29, 2021 · The 7.62×51 NATO chamber is imperceptibly longer than the .308 Winchester, extending between 0.006 and 0.010 inches beyond the .308 SAAMI specs. This results in a 7.62 case that is ever so ... As a result, commercial rounds can be up to 12,000 psi hotter than NATO. Therefore, general consensus dictates it’s perfectly safe to fire 7.62 NATO in a .308 Win chamber, but the reverse is inadvisable. Full-auto weapons tend to prefer thicker brass, and the 7.62mm NATO is built to stretch in a wide range of chambers.Mar 11, 2023 ... Comments6 · 7.62 Confusion 7.62x?? · 5.56 vs 7.62 vs 308 VS BALLISTICS GEL, CINDER BLOCK AND PAPER PLATES PENETRATION TEST · 308 vs 7.62 NATO:...Feb 25, 2022 ... 308 — or 7.62x51 NATO — is more appropriately compared to Russia's 7.62x54R, but because AK enthusiasts often tout their chosen cartridge as ...The Popular 300 Blackout. This bullet is an American variant of a 223 conversion. It is a larger caliber bullet in a smaller capacity shell. It comprises the 233 shell casing that was cut down, resized, and inserted with a 30 caliber bullet. In other words, you have the same 30 caliber round that the 7.62×39 has.Support us on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/whoteewhoBushnell Banner Scope here: https://amzn.to/2KrtwejWeaver scope rings here: https://amzn.to/2ji7gr3SUB...Aug 31, 2023 · Conclusion: Picking Your Winner. Both the 7.62×39 and the 30-30 have their merits and shortcomings. The 7.62×39 shines in affordability and versatility but doesn’t offer the knockdown power that the 30-30 boasts. Conversely, the 30-30 excels in hunting scenarios, particularly for larger game, but usually comes at a higher cost. The muzzle energy shows a distinct advantage for the 7.62×39 cartridge. The 7.62×39 has an average kinetic energy of 1,525ft.lb while the 5.56×45 rounds have an average energy of 1,311ft.lb. However, keep in mind that while those numbers might seem largely different — it’s only about 15%.First, most reloading die sets come with two expander balls (one for use with 0.308"-diameter bullets, the other being 0.311") due to the fact that most, but not all, 7.62x39 mm-chambered rifles ...Retirement is a major milestone in life, and the decision of when to retire is one that should be carefully considered. Many individuals dream of the day they can leave the workfor...It is equipped with a soft rubber recoil pad that does a good job mitigating the light recoil of the 7.62×39 cartridge. Howa offers a decent factory trigger. This one broke at a crisp 3 pounds 1.3 ounces and is far nicer than a factory Remington 700. The 7.62×39 variant of the MINIACTION feeds from a detachable 5 shot polymer magazine.The 7.62 mm designation refers to the internal diameter of the barrel at the lands (the raised helical ridges in rifled gun barrels). The actual bullet caliber is often 7.82 mm (0.308 in), although Soviet weapons commonly use a 7.91 mm (0.311 in) bullet, as do older British (.303 British) and Japanese (7.7×58mm Arisaka) cartridges.Our Brownells Firearm Support Technician with the skinny, Caleb Savant, is back to talk about two popular rifle cartridges: .308 Winchester and 7.62x51mm NAT...The 7.62x39 has an average BC of 0.27, while the 300 Blackout ammo has a BC of 0.35. However, some subsonic 300 Blackout bullets, like the 208 gr Hornady A-Max, boast a much higher BC of 0.648 due to their modern and aerodynamic design, compared to the older design of 7.62x39 projectiles.The price for full metal jacket (FMJ) .300 Blackout ammo starts at $1 per round. For premium ammo intended for self-defense and hunting, the price is approximately $2 per round. The price for full metal jacket 7.62×39 ammo starts at $0.40 per round. Premium ammo can be found for $1.50 and up.Munitions 7.62 NATO vs .308 Winchester ammo: What’s the difference? If you have a modern .308 Win. rifle, you should be fine firing any modern commercial .308 …The simple answer is no. There are differences in chamber specs and maximum pressures. The SAMMI/CIP maximum pressure for the .308 Win cartridge is 62,000 psi, while the 7.62×51 max is 50,000 psi. Also, the headspace is slightly different. The .308 Win “Go Gauge” is 1.630″ vs. 1.635″ for the 7.62×51.Mar 11, 2023 ... Comments6 · 7.62 Confusion 7.62x?? · 5.56 vs 7.62 vs 308 VS BALLISTICS GEL, CINDER BLOCK AND PAPER PLATES PENETRATION TEST · 308 vs 7.62 NATO:...A: When fired from a standard M14 rifle, the 7.62 NATO ball 149gn FMJ boattail bullet has a muzzle. Left to right, 7.62×39, 7.62×51 NATO, 7.62×54 Russian. velocity of 2800fps and muzzle energy of 2594 ft/lbs. When fired from a standard AKM rifle, the 122gn Soviet round has a muzzle velocity of 2340fps and energy of 1483 ft/lbs.A: When fired from a standard M14 rifle, the 7.62 NATO ball 149gn FMJ boattail bullet has a muzzle. Left to right, 7.62×39, 7.62×51 NATO, 7.62×54 Russian. velocity of 2800fps and muzzle energy of 2594 ft/lbs. When fired from a standard AKM rifle, the 122gn Soviet round has a muzzle velocity of 2340fps and energy of 1483 ft/lbs.I can now report that the IWI Galil ACE in 7.62 NATO is as fascinating a firearm as the original Galil, chambered in a true battle rifle cartridge. Like the 7.62×39 version, the “new” gun’s internals are, essentially, taken straight from the traditional Kalashnikov design. If you’re familiar with the AK/AKM-47/74, the NATO-chambered ...What is the Difference Between 7.62 x39 and 300 Blackout? ... 300 Blackout, also known as 300 AAC Blackout, is an American-designed cartridge with a bullet diameter of .308 inches, case length of 1.368 inches, and typically loaded with a 110 to 220-grain bullet. The 300 Blackout cartridge has a muzzle velocity of around 1,000 to 2,350 …The Advantages of Using 7.62 x39 for Hog Hunting. One advantage of using this particular caliber for hog hunting is cost-effectiveness compared to other popular calibers on the market today like .223 Remington or .308 Winchester. Another advantage is that rifles chambered in 7.62×39 can be easier to handle than larger caliber rifles which may ...The simple answer is no. There are differences in chamber specs and maximum pressures. The SAMMI/CIP maximum pressure for the .308 Win cartridge is 62,000 psi, while the 7.62×51 max is 50,000 psi. Also, the headspace is slightly different. The .308 Win “Go Gauge” is 1.630″ vs. 1.635″ for the 7.62×51.Sep 19, 2014 · Greatest Cartridges: 7.62×51 NATO or .308, Either Way it Packs a Punch. Tom Turpin. -. September 19, 2014. 0. The 7.62x51 NATO or .308 Winchester offers nearly the same ballistics as a .30-06, but in a more compact cartridge. The 7.62×51 NATO or .308 Winchester offers nearly the same ballistics as a .30-06, but in a more compact cartridge. Jul 16, 2022 · 308 bullets measure .308 inches in diameter while x39 bullets measure .311 inches in diameter. That additional .003 of an inch might not seem like much, but it’s enough to make a big difference in how well your rifle fires. Additionally, x39 ammunition is typically loaded with a lighter bullet than 308 ammo. Jan 1, 2006 ... 7.62x39 packs a big punch and is more than accurate enough at those ranges. Wolf 154gr SP works fine for game and human malefactors. 308 is ...The Advantages of Using 7.62 x39 for Hog Hunting. One advantage of using this particular caliber for hog hunting is cost-effectiveness compared to other popular calibers on the market today like .223 Remington or .308 Winchester. Another advantage is that rifles chambered in 7.62×39 can be easier to handle than larger caliber rifles which may ...Aug 19, 2018 · Combine a longer chamber with a thinner case—the .308 Winchester cases will be thinner than military 7.62 NATO cases—and you open the door for the possibility of a ruptured case. A good rule ... It is equipped with a soft rubber recoil pad that does a good job mitigating the light recoil of the 7.62×39 cartridge. Howa offers a decent factory trigger. This one broke at a crisp 3 pounds 1.3 ounces and is far nicer than a factory Remington 700. The 7.62×39 variant of the MINIACTION feeds from a detachable 5 shot polymer magazine.Pros 7.62×39 Low recoil compared to similar rounds Extremely cheap ammo options are available Short case and powerful at short to medium range Shoots quite flat out to 200 …The higher the number, the less the bullet will be affected by wind drift and air resistance. When it comes to the ballistic coefficient between the 308 Winchester and the …7.62×39 vs 5.56 Ballistics. The table below compares 55gr Hornady Frontier M193 (.243 BC), 62gr Barnes TSX BT (.287 BC), and 70gr Barnes TSX BT (.314 BC) loads in 5.56x45mm NATO to a 123gr Hornady SST (.295 BC) load in 7.62x39mm. This data is for Hornady and Barnes factory ammo and a 200 yard zero.308 has more velocity. At the same time, 7.62x39 is more commonly found than .308 and is cheaper, like .40 compared to 10mm. So that's how ...UCC 1-308 was an amendment to UCC 1-207 to help either an individual or a business from unconsciously giving up certain rights within the terms and agreements of a contract. It was...Mar 5, 2023 · This rifle question is an important part of the 7.62x39mm cartridge as it is, even today, tied to the popularity of the AK rifle system. It’s truly a case of ‘for better or worse’. This strange future we’re living in used to mean cheap 7.62x39mm ammo. In the Time Before, it could easily be found for about $.20 to $.25. No longer. DayZ Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. Follow on IGJoin Fan Lab. 7.62x39mm intermediate cartridge. Used in select rifles. In-game description 7.62x39mm Rounds are a type of ammunition in DayZ. They are found individually, packed in boxes, or pre-loaded in magazines. Empty the box to receive 20 usable 7.62x39mm rounds.Mar 29, 2021 ... 30 caliber bullet diameter being translated as “7.62 millimeters”, the new 7.62x51mm cartridge was born. As always, Big Army inefficiency slowed ...Luggage that is 62 linear inches is luggage that totals 62 inches when the height, width and depth of the bag are combined. Any combination of the three numbers that adds up to 62 ...JonM said: Recoil of a 556 is practically nonexistant. Recoil of a 308 is much sharper than 762x39. The x39 round is often compaired to a 30-30 but that is being far too generous. I would equate it more in line with a 357 or maybe a 44spl in a lever action in hitting power. The 308 is a much better round for hunting or long range target shooting.The straight answer to this question is yes, you can fire common 7.62X51 military ammo in any currently produced rifle chambered for .308 Winchester. However, there is more than one reason for this evaluation. The 7.62×51 NATO cartridge is specific and it is built for military specifications. The reason is to make the round able to operate ... I can now report that the IWI Galil ACE in 7.62 NATO is as fascinating a firearm as the original Galil, chambered in a true battle rifle cartridge. Like the 7.62×39 version, the “new” gun’s internals are, essentially, taken straight from the traditional Kalashnikov design. If you’re familiar with the AK/AKM-47/74, the NATO-chambered ...300 blackout vs 7.62 x39 ballistics chart7.62x51 vs 308 ballistics chart 556 blackout ballistics chart 300blk velocity nato armory both300 blk twist rate chart. ... 223 vs 762 x39 ballistics chart300 blackout for hunting deer 7 62x39 ballistics table300 blackout: ballistics, parts & compatibility guide. ...A 7.62x39 123-grain bullet at 2,350 feet per second (fps) exits the muzzle with about 1,500 foot-pounds of energy compared with a 5.56 55-grain bullet exiting at …And this is one where the 7.62×39 absolutely blows .300 Blackout out of the water. It's hard to get a good average cost for ammo these days, considering how volatile things are in terms of price, but rest assured 7.62×39 is cheaper. It's about 30-40% of what .300 BLK is in most cases.Can you shoot 7.62×39 ammo in a 308 rifle? The quick answer is yes, but there are some things you need to know before doing so. In this blog post, we will …Velocity. As illustrated in the chart, .30-30 Winchester rounds - on average - achieve a velocity of about 2370 feet per second (fps) while 7.62x39mm rounds travel at a velocity of 2360 fps. To put this into perspective, a Boeing 737 commercial airliner travels at a cruising speed of 600 mph, or 880 fps.Apr 27, 2020 · My second choice would be .308. Third would be .300 Blackout. Meanwhile, 7.62×39 would come in last, just because of the lack bullet varieties. Behind these would be a pistol caliber. I’m not wholly dismissing pistol calibers—they are loads of fun and you can do super fast follow-up shots—but look at the ER statistics. While .308 Winchester has a larger bullet diameter of .308 inches, 7.62×39 features a smaller bullet diameter of approximately .311 inches. 3. Which cartridge is more powerful? In terms of power, the .308 Winchester generally possesses a higher muzzle energy and greater long-range accuracy compared to the 7.62×39.7.62x39 is great if you want to hunt deer with your AR-15 rifle, same feel, weight, etc. 308 is for when you need more power, range... 7.62 is a cheaper way to ...Jan 4, 2018 ... 308 nearly duplicates the 06's performance envelope. At normal 400M or less hunting ranges, the difference does not matter. Shorter cases lead ...7.62 x39 vs 308 readingandwritingprojectcom.web.fc2.com. Home; uncatigorized; 7.62 x39 vs 308; Rated 3.3 /5 based on 72 customer reviews 8 May, 2017. premiere vs after effects victoria secret commercial song is 10 mbps fast enough for gaming what does a penis taste like define formulate ...Mar 29, 2021 · The 7.62×51 NATO chamber is imperceptibly longer than the .308 Winchester, extending between 0.006 and 0.010 inches beyond the .308 SAAMI specs. This results in a 7.62 case that is ever so ... Pros 7.62×39 Low recoil compared to similar rounds Extremely cheap ammo options are available Short case and powerful at short to medium range Shoots quite flat out to 200 …Mar 5, 2023 · This rifle question is an important part of the 7.62x39mm cartridge as it is, even today, tied to the popularity of the AK rifle system. It’s truly a case of ‘for better or worse’. This strange future we’re living in used to mean cheap 7.62x39mm ammo. In the Time Before, it could easily be found for about $.20 to $.25. No longer. Jan 17, 2023 ... Comments2.4K · 300 Blackout vs 7.62x39: Never Would've Guessed · 223 vs 5.56: Can't Believe The Difference · 308 vs 7.62 NATO: Huge Di...Most .308 rifles have a 20-inch barrel. Here’s how they stack up. A standard 150-grain load in a .308 with a 20-inch barrel is going to be around 2,700 fps. a 7.62x54R in a 20-inch barrel, such as a Mosin carbine, clocks in at around 2,600fps with a similarly weighted bullet. So, all things equal, the Mosin is a tad under a .308.Aug 17, 2021 ... The slight increase in taper means easier extraction. They both have roughly same powder to weight ratio, tumble on impact and weigh roughly the ...First, most reloading die sets come with two expander balls (one for use with 0.308"-diameter bullets, the other being 0.311") due to the fact that most, but not all, 7.62x39 mm-chambered rifles ...While .308 Winchester has a larger bullet diameter of .308 inches, 7.62×39 features a smaller bullet diameter of approximately .311 inches. 3. Which cartridge is more powerful? In terms of power, the .308 Winchester generally possesses a higher muzzle energy and greater long-range accuracy compared to the 7.62×39.Mar 16, 2010 ... x39 so I had to improvise to make some good varmint rounds :) 7.62x39 ... 308 vs 7.62 NATO: Huge Difference On Steel. Banana Ballistics•1.5M ...Commercial .308 Win. came first. The two ended up differently. Similar to the 5.56 NATO vs. .223 Rem., the difference between .308 Win. and 7.62 NATO is in the chamber, but it’s in a different place. The difference in these two isn’t the throat, it’s the headspace. NATO is ridiculously longer.The higher the number, the less the bullet will be affected by wind drift and air resistance. When it comes to the ballistic coefficient between the 308 Winchester and the …From an external dimension standpoint, the .308 Winchester cartridge case and the 7.62 NATO (7.62 x 51 mm) are the same thing. In fact, the 7.62 was developed using the general design of the .308 as its ‘parent’ case. The difference between the two, beyond the outside dimensions, is basically...Greatest Cartridges: 7.62×51 NATO or .308, Either Way it Packs a Punch. Tom Turpin. -. September 19, 2014. 0. The 7.62x51 NATO or .308 Winchester offers nearly the same ballistics as a .30-06, but in a more compact cartridge. The 7.62×51 NATO or .308 Winchester offers nearly the same ballistics as a .30-06, but in a more compact cartridge.The .308 Winchester chamber headspace is between 1.630 and 1.6340 inches. The 7.62x51mm NATO is between 1.6355 and 1.6405 inches. While the published numbers show about six-thousandths of an …The straight answer to this question is yes, you can fire common 7.62X51 military ammo in any currently produced rifle chambered for .308 Winchester. However, there is more than one reason for this evaluation. The 7.62×51 NATO cartridge is specific and it is built for military specifications. The reason is to make the round able to operate ... The .308 rounds group tightly together, as do the 7.62×39 rounds, and the .308 rounds show a flatter trajectory at the 200 and 300-yard mark. Neither cartridges …Big Guns: 308 vs 7.62x54r. When it comes to big caliber battle rifles, two calibers come to mind. In one corner, you have the 7.62×51 NATO, also known by the moniker 308. In the other, you have the lesser-known 7.62x54r, sometimes simply called “7.62 x54.”. Both of these cartridges feature big bullets with plenty of powder, capable of ...I can now report that the IWI Galil ACE in 7.62 NATO is as fascinating a firearm as the original Galil, chambered in a true battle rifle cartridge. Like the 7.62×39 version, the “new” gun’s internals are, essentially, taken straight from the traditional Kalashnikov design. If you’re familiar with the AK/AKM-47/74, the NATO-chambered ...The generally larger bullet size – in higher bullet weights especially – and the smaller, straight-walled casing of the 300 BLK in comparison to the 7.62×39, means there’s less propellant pushing the round down the barrel. The smaller case capacity means all the propellant is expended in about 10 inches of barrel.Aug 26, 2020 · James Tarr tests seven 7.62x39mm loads fired from a 1969 Polish AKM into gel blocks to see just how well they actually perform. Tarr tested seven different 7.62x39mm loads from five different manufacturers. From left — Wolf SP, Barnaul HP, Winchester PDX1, Hornady SST, Wolf HP, Barnaul SP, and American Eagle FMJ. August 26, 2020 By James Tarr. 7.62x39 AR Upper Receiver. Dedicated 7.62×39 AR Upper Receivers are becoming quite common. The dedicated 7.62×39 uppers can be had in two varieties. The first being a 7.62×39 specialized upper that’s more like an AK-47 than an AR upper. The most common 7.62×39 AR upper is an AR-15 upper with a 7.62 barrel and a modified bolt.

As others have said, 7.62x51 is safe in a .308. What I haven't seen anyone mention is that some 7.62 is a tight fit in some .308 chambers, this isn't a safety issue but can cause malfunctions. My Tikka .308 runs smoothly with civilian ammo, but it takes some force to close the bolt on surplus military ammo and extraction also requires some muscle.. Grupo codiciado

7.62 x39 vs 308

Oct 12, 2020 · Winchester .308: 163.3 grains. Lake City 7.62x51mm NATO: 183.5 grains. That’s a significant difference! Thicker walls combined with similar exterior dimensions means less powder capacity and a ... Granted, the .308 runs to slightly higher pressures than does the 7.62, but given the 7.62’s thicker case walls, it becomes pretty much of a wash. The main point is, if you want to move a 150-grain bullet at close to 3,000 …This difference in length is due to the fact that the 30-30 uses a smaller powder charge than the 308 Winchester. The smaller powder charge in the 30-30 means that it has a lower muzzle velocity than the 308 Winchester. The 30-30 has a muzzle velocity of around 2000 feet per second, while the 308 Winchester has a muzzle velocity of …Ruger have also produced runs of the bolt action M77 and semi-automatic Mini 30 in 7.62x39 although bore sizes are .308”, forcing .311” projectiles down to .308” at the chamber. Un-tuned, these rifles (scoped) often produce accuracy of between 1.5 and 3 MOA, similar to the SKS and AK-47, giving acceptable accuracy out to ranges of 100 to ...Best .308/7.62 Semi-Auto Rifles. 1. AR-10. When the words “.308” and “semi-auto” are uttered in the same breath, most people’s minds probably go to the AR-10. The AR-10 is the starting point not only for most modern battle rifles but for most Western semi-auto rifles in general. The original AR-10. You can see the similarities between ...For example, costs of 300 Blackout rounds range from $.60 per round to $2.00 per round. That gives it an average of $1.30 per round. In comparison, the .308 ammo costs range from $.35 per round to $1.50 per round with an average of $.90 per round. That makes the 300 Blackout about 45% more per round on average.01/16/2023 / Shooting / By Captain he 7.62 NATO and .308 Winchester cartridges have a long and storied history in the world of firearms. After World War II, the U.S. Army began …7.62mm x 39-.308|.311 Reloading Essentials. $191.37. or 4 interest-free payments of $47.84 with ⓘ. No Interest if paid in full in 6 months on purchases of $99+. Subject to credit approval.Energy. Furthermore, the muzzle energy of a 7.62x39mm round averages out to 1590 ft-lb, while a 7mm-08 Remington round averages out to about 2450 ft-lb. One way to think about this is as such: a foot-pound is a unit of energy equal to the amount of energy required to raise a weight of one pound a distance of one foot.The 7.62 x 51 round was developed for the M14 weapon. The M14 is a piston operated gun just like the M1 Garand it replaced. The 308 Winchester round was developed from the 7.62 x 51 with the 308 being a slightly more powerful round chargewise but otherwise the same round. Same as we have with 223 vs 5.56.The Best Scope for 7.62 x39 Rifle in 2024. Scopes & Optics. Written by Cameron Porter Reviewed by Editorial Team. Updated on January 16, 2024. ... The 7.62×39mm is a fun middle-ground between a 5.56 NATO and a 7.62 NATO or .308 Winchester. It can serve well for anything under 200 yards, is powerful enough to hunt a …First, most reloading die sets come with two expander balls (one for use with 0.308"-diameter bullets, the other being 0.311") due to the fact that most, but not all, 7.62x39 mm-chambered rifles ...Oct 14, 2021 ... 308 Winchester and 7.62×51 cartridge cases are essentially identical, and with very rare exceptions, the two rounds are physically ...The price for full metal jacket (FMJ) .300 Blackout ammo starts at $1 per round. For premium ammo intended for self-defense and hunting, the price is approximately $2 per round. The price for full metal jacket 7.62×39 ammo starts at $0.40 per round. Premium ammo can be found for $1.50 and up.Mar 31, 2020 ... Our Brownells Firearm Support Technician with the skinny, Caleb Savant, is back to talk about two popular rifle cartridges: .308 Winchester ...CZ Bren 2 MS Carbine. CZ’s Bren 2 Ms comes in numerous barrel variants, and the 7.62×39 variant gets the blessing of 14, 11, and 9-inch pistol variants. The Bren Ms 2 gives you a light rifle and a modern gun in the x39. A hefty use of polymer keeps the weight low and allows for a different degree of modularity..

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